Cognizant CIS Interview Questions and Answers

Cognizant has started its recruitment drive for the year 2023-2024, and it is currently hiring for CIS role. so basically cognizant’s CIS role is Cloud, Infrastructure, and Security Services Practice (CIS). In cognizant’s CIS role your in hand monthly salary would be around ₹23,700 to ₹28,650.

In this article we have shared the most important and repeatedly asked basic to moderate level cognizant interview questions. you can also consider this as technical interview questions for cognizant CIS, GenC, GenC Elevate and other equivalent roles of cognizant interview.

Cognizant CIS Role Technical Interview Questions

Questions on C/C++ programming

check this article for answers Top C++ interview questions and answers

1. What is the syntax to declare a variable in C?
2. Explain the difference between ‘int’ and ‘float’ data types in C.
3. Explain the difference between ‘=’ and ‘==’ operators in C.
4. Explain the difference between ‘while’, ‘do-while’ and ‘for’ loops.
5. What is the purpose of the ‘switch’ statement?
6. What is a pointer in C? How do you declare and initialize it?
7. What is the purpose of the ‘NULL’ pointer in C?
8. How do you allocate memory dynamically using pointers in C?
9. Explain the difference between pass by value and pass by reference using pointers.
10. How do you free dynamically allocated memory in C?
11. What is the difference between “++i” and “i++”?
12. Explain the purpose of the “typedef” keyword in C.
13. Explain the difference between local and global variables in C.
14. Explain the concept of recursion in C with an example.
15. How do you create and use arrays of structures in C?
16. How do you implement dynamic memory allocation using “malloc()” and “free()” functions?
17. What are the differences between arrays and pointers in C?
18. What is the purpose of the “void” pointer in C? When is it used?
19. How do you implement a linked list using pointers in C?
20. Explain garbage collection in C?

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Question OOP’s and Data Structure & Algorithm

1. Explain the four pillars of OOP and provide examples for each.
2. What is a class and an object in OOP?
3. What is inheritance in OOP? How does it promote code reusability?
4. What is polymorphism? Provide examples of both compile-time and runtime polymorphism.
5. What is an abstract class in OOP?
6. Describe the concept of constructor overloading in OOP.
7. What is a destructor in OOP? When is it called?
8. What is the purpose of the “this” keyword in OOP? Provide an example.
9. What is the significance of the “final” keyword in OOP?
10. What is a data structure, and why is it important in computer science?
11. Explain the difference between an array and a linked list.
12. What is the difference between a stack and a queue? Provide examples of real-world applications for each.
13. Describe the process of traversing a binary tree using inorder, preorder, and postorder traversals.
14. What is the difference between a breadth-first search (BFS) and a depth-first search (DFS)?
15. Explain the concept of hashing and its applications in data structures.
16. What is the difference between linear search and binary search algorithms? Provide their time complexities.
17. Describe the process of sorting elements using the bubble sort algorithm.
18. How does the insertion sort algorithm work? What is its time complexity?
19. Explain the concept of dynamic programming and provide an example problem that can be solved using it.
20. What is a priority queue? How is it different from a regular queue?
21. Describe the process of implementing a stack using an array.
22. What is the concept of recursion in algorithms? Provide an example algorithm that uses recursion.
23. What is the difference between a min heap and a max heap?

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Questions on Database and SQL

1. Explain the difference between a relational database and a non-relational (NoSQL) database.
2. Describe the following database terms: tables, views, indexes, and triggers.
3. Explain the concept of ACID properties in the context of database transactions.
4. What is a primary key? How is it different from a foreign key?
5. Describe the differences between a database schema and a database instance.
6. What is SQL, and what are its primary functions in database management?
7. How do you retrieve all records from a table using a SELECT statement?
8. What is the purpose of the WHERE clause in a SQL query?
9. What is data integrity, and how is it maintained in a database?
10. How do you use the ORDER BY clause to sort query results in ascending and descending order?
11. Explain the concept of data redundancy and how it can be minimized in a database.
12. Explain the difference between the INNER JOIN and OUTER JOIN in SQL.
13. How do you insert a new record into a table using the INSERT INTO statement?
14. Describe the purpose of the GROUP BY clause in SQL queries.
15. What is the HAVING clause, and how is it used in SQL queries?
16. How do you update existing records in a table using the UPDATE statement?
17. Explain the concept of database normalization and its different normal forms.
18. How do you optimize database performance? Provide some common optimization techniques.
19. Explain the concept of subqueries in SQL. Provide an example.
20. How do you use the JOIN clause to combine data from multiple tables in SQL?
21. Describe the purpose and usage of the UNION and UNION ALL operators in SQL.
22. How do you create and manage user-defined functions (UDFs) in SQL?

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Cloud Computing Questions

1. What is cloud computing, and what are its main characteristics?
2. Explain the difference between public cloud, private cloud, and hybrid cloud.
3. What are the advantages of using cloud computing for businesses?
4. Describe the three main service models in cloud computing: IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
5. What is virtualization, and how does it relate to cloud computing?
6. Explain the concept of elasticity in the context of cloud computing.
7. What is a cloud service provider (CSP)? Name some popular CSPs.
8. Describe the difference between cloud computing and traditional on-premises infrastructure.
9. What is the difference between horizontal scaling and vertical scaling in cloud computing?
10. Explain the concept of cloud security. What are some common security concerns in cloud computing?
11. What is cloud deployment automation, and how does it benefit organizations?
12. Describe the difference between cloud orchestration and cloud automation.
13. What are containers, and how are they used in cloud computing?
14. Explain the concept of serverless computing. What are its advantages and disadvantages?
15. How do you ensure data redundancy and availability in cloud storage?
16. Describe the concept of cloud-native applications. What are their characteristics?
17. What is cloud migration, and what are some common challenges associated with it?
18. How does cloud computing enable disaster recovery and business continuity planning?

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Questions on Infrastructure and Security

1. What is IT infrastructure, and what components does it typically include?
2. Explain the concept of scalability in infrastructure design.
3. What are the key considerations when designing a resilient infrastructure?
4. Describe the difference between on-premises infrastructure and cloud-based infrastructure.
5. What is virtualization, and how does it benefit infrastructure management?
6. How do you ensure high availability in an infrastructure setup?
7. Describe the role of networking in infrastructure design and management.
8. What is a content delivery network (CDN), and how does it improve performance in infrastructure?
9. What are the main objectives of information security?
10. What is encryption, and how does it contribute to data security?
11. How do you secure a network infrastructure against unauthorized access?
12. What is a firewall, and how does it protect against cyber threats?
13. Describe the concept of multi-factor authentication (MFA). Why is it important for security?
14. What is a vulnerability assessment, and how is it different from a penetration test?
15. How do you ensure data privacy and compliance with regulations in a security setup?
16. What measures can be taken to mitigate the risks associated with insider threats?
17. These questions cover a range of topics related to infrastructure design and security practices, suitable for technical interviews.

Note – keep checking this article we will update this on regular basis according latest cognizant interview .

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